Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za bateri, izwi cyane nka BESS, ikoresha amabanki ya bateri yumuriro kugirango ibike amashanyarazi arenze kuri gride cyangwa amasoko ashobora gukoreshwa nyuma.Mugihe ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu hamwe na tekinoroji ya gride yubumenyi igenda itera imbere, sisitemu ya BESS igira uruhare runini muguhagarika amashanyarazi no kuzamura agaciro k’ingufu.None se ni buryo ki sisitemu ikora?
Intambwe ya 1: Banki ya Batiri
Urufatiro rwa BESS ni uburyo bwo kubika ingufu - bateri.Moderi nyinshi ya bateri cyangwa "selile" zashizwe hamwe kugirango zikore "banki ya batiri" itanga ubushobozi bukenewe bwo kubika.Ingirabuzimafatizo zikoreshwa cyane ni lithium-ion bitewe nububasha bwayo bwinshi, kuramba hamwe nubushobozi bwo kwishyuza byihuse.Ibindi bya chimisties nka aside-aside na bateri zitemba nabyo bikoreshwa mubikorwa bimwe.
Intambwe ya 2: Sisitemu yo Guhindura Imbaraga
Banki ya batiri ihuza umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ukoresheje sisitemu yo guhindura amashanyarazi cyangwa PCS.PCS igizwe nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki yingufu nka inverter, ihindura, na filteri ituma imbaraga zitembera mubyerekezo byombi hagati ya bateri na gride.Inverter ihindura amashanyarazi ataziguye (DC) avuye muri bateri ahinduranya amashanyarazi (AC) gride ikoresha, naho uhindura ikora reaction kugirango yishyure bateri.
Intambwe ya 3: Sisitemu yo gucunga bateri
Sisitemu yo gucunga bateri, cyangwa BMS, ikurikirana kandi ikagenzura buri selile ya batiri muri banki ya batiri.BMS iringaniza selile, igenga voltage numuyoboro mugihe cyo kwishyuza no gusohora, kandi ikarinda ibyangiritse kurenza urugero, hejuru yumuriro cyangwa gusohora cyane.Ikurikirana ibipimo byingenzi nka voltage, ikigezweho nubushyuhe kugirango uhindure imikorere ya bateri nigihe cyo kubaho.
Intambwe ya 4: Sisitemu yo gukonjesha
Sisitemu yo gukonjesha ikuraho ubushyuhe burenze muri bateri mugihe ikora.Ibi nibyingenzi kugirango ingirabuzimafatizo zigabanuke kandi zuzuze ubuzima.Ubwoko bukonje bukunze gukoreshwa ni ugukonjesha amazi (nukuzenguruka gukonjesha ukoresheje amasahani ahuye na bateri) hamwe no gukonjesha ikirere (ukoresheje abafana guhatira umwuka binyuze mumashanyarazi ya batiri).
Intambwe ya 5: Gukora
Mugihe cyumuriro muke cyangwa ingufu nyinshi zishobora kongera ingufu, BESS ikuramo ingufu zirenze binyuze muri sisitemu yo guhindura amashanyarazi ikayibika muri banki ya batiri.Iyo ibisabwa ari byinshi cyangwa ibishobora kuvugururwa bitabonetse, ingufu zabitswe zisubizwa muri gride binyuze muri inverter.Ibi bituma BESS "umwanya-uhinduranya" imbaraga zigihe gito zishobora kuvugururwa, guhagarika umurongo wa gride na voltage, no gutanga imbaraga zo gusubira inyuma mugihe cyo kubura.
Sisitemu yo gucunga bateri ikurikirana uko yishyurwa rya buri selile kandi ikagenzura igipimo cyumuriro nogusohora kugirango hirindwe umuriro mwinshi, gushyuha cyane no gusohora cyane bateri - byongerera ubuzima ubuzima bwabo.Sisitemu yo gukonjesha ikora kugirango ubushyuhe bwa bateri muri rusange bugerweho neza.
Muri make, sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za bateri ikoresha bateri, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibikoresho byubwenge hamwe nogucunga amashyanyarazi hamwe muburyo bumwe bwo kubika amashanyarazi arenze no gusohora ingufu kubisabwa.Ibi bituma tekinoroji ya BESS yongerera agaciro isoko y’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, gukora amashanyarazi neza kandi arambye, kandi bigashyigikira inzibacyuho y’ingufu nke za karubone.
Hamwe n'izamuka ry'ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu nk'izuba n'umuyaga, sisitemu nini yo kubika ingufu za batiri (BESS) zigira uruhare runini mu guhagarika amashanyarazi.Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za bateri ikoresha bateri zishishwa kugirango zibike amashanyarazi arenze kuri gride cyangwa mumashanyarazi kandi igatanga izo mbaraga mugihe bikenewe.Ikoranabuhanga rya BESS rifasha gukoresha cyane ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa rimwe na rimwe kandi bigatezimbere muri rusange kwizerwa, gukora neza no kuramba.
BESS mubisanzwe igizwe nibice byinshi:
1) Amabanki ya bateri yakozwe na moderi nyinshi cyangwa selile kugirango itange ubushobozi bukenewe bwo kubika ingufu.Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion ikoreshwa cyane bitewe nubucucike bwayo bwinshi, igihe kirekire cyo kubaho hamwe nubushobozi bwo kwishyuza byihuse.Izindi chimisties nka gurş-acide na bateri zitemba nazo zirakoreshwa.
2) Sisitemu yo guhindura amashanyarazi (PCS) ihuza banki ya batiri na gride y'amashanyarazi.PCS igizwe na inverter, ihindura nibindi bikoresho byo kugenzura bituma imbaraga zitembera mubyerekezo byombi hagati ya bateri na gride.
3) Sisitemu yo gucunga Bateri (BMS) ikurikirana kandi ikagenzura leta n'imikorere ya selile ya bateri kugiti cye.BMS iringaniza selile, irinda ibyangiritse kurenza urugero cyangwa gusohora cyane, kandi ikurikirana ibipimo nka voltage, amashanyarazi nubushyuhe.
4) Sisitemu yo gukonjesha ikuraho ubushyuhe burenze muri bateri.Gukonjesha amazi cyangwa ikirere gikoreshwa kugirango bagumane bateri muburyo bwiza bwubushyuhe bwo gukora no gukoresha igihe kinini.
5) Amazu cyangwa ibikoresho birinda kandi bikarinda sisitemu ya bateri yose.Inzu ya batiri yo hanze igomba kuba idafite ikirere kandi ishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bukabije.
Ibikorwa byingenzi bya BESS ni:
• Kuramo imbaraga zirenze kuri gride mugihe cyibisabwa bike hanyuma ukarekura mugihe ibisabwa ari byinshi.Ibi bifasha guhagarika voltage hamwe nihindagurika ryinshyi.
• Bika ingufu zisubirwamo zituruka kumasoko nkizuba PV hamwe nimirima yumuyaga bifite umusaruro uhindagurika kandi mugihe kimwe, hanyuma utange izo mbaraga zabitswe mugihe izuba ritaka cyangwa umuyaga utaba uhuha.Iki gihe-gihindura ingufu zisubirwamo mugihe gikenewe cyane.
• Tanga imbaraga zo gusubira inyuma mugihe cya gride cyangwa ibura kugirango ibikorwa remezo bikomeye bikore, haba mubirwa cyangwa muburyo bwa gride.
• Kugira uruhare mu gusubiza ibyifuzo hamwe na gahunda zinyongera za serivisi mugukwirakwiza ingufu hejuru cyangwa hasi kubisabwa, gutanga amabwiriza yumurongo hamwe nizindi serivisi za gride.
Mu gusoza, nkuko ingufu zishobora gukomeza kwiyongera nkijanisha ryumuriro wamashanyarazi kwisi yose, sisitemu nini yo kubika ingufu za batiri zizagira uruhare runini mugukora izo mbaraga zisukuye zizewe kandi ziboneka kumasaha.Ikoranabuhanga rya BESS rizafasha cyane agaciro kavugururwa, guhagarika amashanyarazi no gushyigikira inzibacyuho irambye, ya karubone nkeya.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-07-2023
